Ventilating apparatus.



J. H. ELWARD.

VENTILATING APPARATUS.V APPLICATION FILED F1a-1. s, 1904.

' Patented May 18, 1909.

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//////f///7/ I Traer/71amwww LH. ELWARD. VENTILATING- APPARATU'S.

APPLIOATION FILED rsB.e,19o4.

Patent-,ed May 18, 1969.

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Orne/M J. H. ELWARD. VENTILATING APPARATUS. APPIUATION HLBDPEB. 8,1904.

Patented May 18, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET. 1;.

'FES PATEN 4orrron.

JOHN n, ELWARD, or cAsTLEToN, nansAs.

VENTILATING APPARATUS.

.Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 1e, 1909. I

Application led February 8, 1904. Serial No. 192,411.

' To all whom 'it may concern:

a ABe it known that I, JOHN H. ELwARD, a

v citizen of the United States, residing at Castleton, in the county of Reno' and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilating Apparatus, -of which the followlng is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanymg drawing. p

Myinvention relates to an improved appavrt-tus for supplying air .to .dwellings and other buildings and structures, and for introducing the air either under the influence of drawing the vitiated and impure air from the same structures.

Itis now wellknown that theair along the surface of the earth and that which collects in the earth near the surface, and particularly in large towns and cities is charged with noxious gases and vapors. Notwithstanding this it is the common and accepted practemperature, may be taken throug tice to supply the interiors of buildings with currentsfot' air from that part of the external atmosphere which is adjacent` to -orbelow the earths surface. The air trunks or ducts which supply the furnaces of dwellings and other structures communicate with the atmospherethrough apertures in the foundations, or. at points nea-r the surface of the e One of the objects ofthe present invention is to provide an apparatus-which will insure a copious supply'-10f air from elevated horizonta planes w ich air, whenfof the ropkelert e apartments which itis necessary -to venti-y late,l or maybe conducted to heating apparatus or to a cooling mechanism as circumstances demand. V v

'Figure 1 is a view partly inelevation and partly in section of a building having interior compartments, and a Ventilating `apparatus which is adapted to supply bodies of air in the manner and for the purposes above referred to. Fig. 2 is a plan view illustrating the paits inthe upper part of 'the' structure. Fig. 3 is afront elevation of a set of air dee vices` which can be employed for artificially creating pressure upon the incoming body of air.. Fig. 4 is a. side elevation of the same. Figs. 5, 6 and 6a are details. Fig. 7 is a sece tional view of a building showing a inodiiicartgn in mnstruotion and arrangement of the apparatus. Fig. 8 isa sectional detail of the ducts communicating with the pumpin Fig. 7.'

It will be understood that the essential parts of my invention are in no way. re'- stricted or limited to any particular form of building, or with respect to its purpose.

be applied. tol dwellings, factories, 'store houses, .or any other structure where ventilation is required.

ln order to illustratehow the inventionv may be carried out l' have, 4in the drawin s', shown, more or less conventionally, t e

vbuildings to which the application may be made. l

Referring .to Fig. 1, A indicates the ver w.

cal or side walls of a'building having interior compartments B, By', B2, B3, also liaving'an upper compartment B4 and a basement or cellar B5. As shown in this ligure the air for ventilating the compartments B to B3 is takenl in at a receiver C which isl put in a position as elevated as possible. ltis arranged to rotate around a'vertical axis, and is so constructed that the wind or 4air in motion Will tend to holdthe aperture Din the direction froi'irwhich the wind or air is mo ving.

Myl .improvements in ventilating apparatus can lts downwardly. extendingstem or axial part E is'of lthe natu-re of aductwhich is mounted in a stationary verticallyarranged duct F. The latter is carried down through -or outside of the building and communicates with one or more lateral ducts, as shown at F', F2. Atf,f,j`2 and f 3 there are valves or .dempers -i'n these trunks or ducts of such nature that the air can be shut ott' fromy the duct F or that at F2 at lwil-l. lf the valves at f, f be o' en and that'at'j'z be closed, the air entering 'F2 and close the vertically arranged duct F, while thedamperj 2 is opened', whereupon the air that is. sent inward `and downward by natural pressure will reach the lower ends of the ducts F3 and will passl upward from them into the apartments.

When the temperature of the external at-A mosphere is below that whichis required in the apartments B to B", the vertical duct F ico and power devices for operating it.

is cutoii from the lateral ducts Il", F2 by means of the valves f, j, and, at the same time, communication is f. pcned with a duct or trunk I. This extends to the air heating chamber of a heatin` apparatus, preferably placed in the basement or cellar B5. A heater of any well known forni can be used. '()ne is conventionally illustrated at J. It receives the cold air from the trunk .l and devvlivers it through the ilues y, y' to the duct F2.

And. the latter' delivers it, as above described, to the ducts `F3 leading to the apartments B to B". But reliance cannot be placed at all times upon natural draft or air pressiu'e due to non-artiiicial causes., l supplement ther The pump pistons are connected to and' operated by a Walking beam vlever N which is connected to a link or i'itrnan rmpivoted toa crank Wheel O. The latter is toothedand is driven by a gear wheel O. This Wheel is secured to a shaft l which is mounted in bearings carried by a. suitable framework. The shaft is rotated by means of a spring Q which is adapted to be wound -up by means of al train of sprocket gear consisting of a wheel It, chain lt', anda sprocket pinion R2. The latter is placed at any suitable point where an operator can get access to the crank 1' of the pinion. R2. y i

The spring Qvis loose in relation to the shaft P', but is secured rigidly to the hub r of I l The outer end ol the. spring is stationary and 1s secured to a holder the sprocket wheel lt.

at gwhich may be fastened to the framework or may be secured to the w all or fixed partv of the building. y

After the spring has been' wound up and it commences to unwind, it causes the rotation vof the shaft l by means of a ratchet Wheel S, i,

which' is iixed to' .the shaft, and 'a paul .s which 1s pivoted tothe face or thesproclict Wheel l. But rapid unwinding, however,-

prevented by an escapement mechanism, consisting oi the escapement lwheel T, the

v double pawl t, the pendulum rod 'i carrying the pawl and havingthe bob or weight t."

When the apparatus is in motion the pump at M acts to torce air into the duct U. This -air may be supplied to the apartment in which the pressure mechanism is Vplaced through Windows or air apertures V, or it may be supplied from the receiver (l, ifa branch duct be provided to conduct the air from the receiver intoo thc apartment B,

be forced either directly to the apartments- B to'B, through the ducts F3, or if the dainpers j" be closed, `the dam er j set to open communication between ucts F and F, damper j 2 set to 'leave the duct F free for the passage of air and that at f a beadjusted i so as to c ut ofi communication With' duct F f and open it with the duct ul, it (the'air) canl be forced down to the heatinv apparatus and carried thence upward t-i-rough the ducts 3 and delivered warmed to the chambers of the building. To enable the air to be directed from the course just described, a damper flo is provided in the1duct F above the'point at which the duct F opens intoit; and by closing this damper, 'air 1s prevented when passing from duct F into duct F from passii'ig upwardly through the `latter duct and is compelled to follow the desired downward course.

Air coming into either of the apartments from the vertical ducts'F3 can be controlled directly by means'of registers at'G. Use

may also be made of ducts having floor registers at Gf ol' suitable. number and location. The vitiated air escapes from these apartments through the ilues H having automatically rotatingcowls H.- Communication with the llues is controlled by .means of regis' ters, dempers, ortho equivalents at G.

ln Fig. 7 l have shown a modification of the apparatus. Here the horizontal ducts are indicated by F", F5, and the main-vertical intake duct by F. VThe latter is provided with an automatically rotary'or self-'- adjustinsI .receiver C for taking air at a high line above the ground and directing,r it downward under natural pressure t0 the Aduct F". Ji'vntjf are valves or dempersv in the ducts;

That atf" is adapted to shut oil communication between the vertical duct F" and the horizontal duct 11": That at f is adapt-.ed .to close and open the lateral duct F7, leading into a supplemental apartment Bs; the one at j'l cuts oill the upper part of theduct Ft at a line near .the bottom. YY ith this construction the air can, be taken' downward through the duct F, then inward through the duct F4 and douf'nward through those at 'lf3 .into the apartments, in such case the damper atff being placed in its lowest posi tion so as to shut oil the upper part ol the duct F. Or, if the valves f5. andff5 be -put vin their 'upper positions, and if the valve at j''be turned down, .the aiifoan be taken downward and inward through the duct F", and upward into the apartments throughthe ducts F8. Or, again, if the valve ft be turned upward so as to lie acrossthe duct F", the air can be taken throughthe branch duct at l and the heaterv at J andt'hence to the apartments B4, B5, B6 and B7. -The supplcmental apartment Bs is here utilized fol' `1.30

the air forcing apparatus at L., 'MQ The,

detail parts of-this mechanism can be the same as .those above described and shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Fresh air is su plied to this apartment through duct F7` W en the valve f is properly adjusted. The air forced lfrom the pump or blower at iM is carried ithrough the duct F9 to the duct at F5', and

` combination of an initial air receiving device situated in' a position elevated above the ground, a vertically arranged air duct leading from one compartment to the next and having openings in each compartment, an air duct communicating with said vertically arranged duct at either end and with said .air

receiving device, valves for controlling the passage of air either downward or u ward through said vertical duct, and means or eX- hausting the air from said compartments.

2. In a ventilating apparatus for a building having one or more apartments, the combination of an initial air receiver situated in a relatively elevated position, a vertically' arranged air duct having openings into said apartments, an air duct connecting the upper end of said vertical air duct with said air receiving device, an air duct connecting the lower end of said vertical duct with said air receiving device, valves for controlling the passage of air eitherl downwardly or upwardly through said vertical duct,- and means for exhausting the air from the. apartments.

3. In a Ventilating apparatus for a building having a plurality of compartments arranged at different levels, the-combinationof an initial air receiving devicesituated in a position elevated above the ground, a vertically disposed airfluct connected 'with and receiving air from the said initial receiver, a

. vertically disposed distributing air duct communicating with the compartments to be ventilated, connecting air ducts arranged b'etween the said vertically disposed ducts, one located in a relatively elevated position and the other at a lower level and valves for controlling the passage of air through the said connecting ducts whereby the movements of' the air through the (ilistributing duct may be either upward or downward accordingly as the valves are set.

4. In an apparatus for ventilating a building having one or more apartments, the com- 'apartmerts while it is moving downward,

ducts for conveying air from the said receiver to points below' the said apartments md aonducting it upward into them, power ineen anism supplemental to the Vsaid air-receiver adaptedto force air into said ducts, and dampers or means for controlling the passage of the air through the ducts, substantially as set forth.

5. In a Ventilating apparatus, for a building having one or more apartments, the com-- bination of a lvertical duct extending from the top of the building to the bottoni, a i'otary air receiver at the upper end of the said. duct, a horizontally arranged lateral duct extending from the said vertical duct on lines above the apartments to be ventilated, a horizontally arranged duct extending laterally from the vertical duct on lines below the apartments to be ventilated, the vertically arranged ducts communicating at either end with one ol said horizontally arranged ducts and having openings communicating with saidapartments to which they are to deliver air, power devices for forcing the air into the said vertical and lateral ducts, and dampers or shut-olf devices for controlling the passage of the air through said ducts, substantially as set forth. f

6. In an apparatus for Ventilating a building having one or more apartments, the combination of an elevated horizontal rotary air receiver, a series of vertical ducts adapted to receive air from said receiver, and ducts communicating with the apartments to be ventilated, a horizontal duct above the said apartments communicating with all of the aforesaid vertical ducts, horizontal duct below the apartments to be ventilated comn'runicating with all the aforesaid vertical ducts, power devices adapted to force air through all of the said ducts, and dainpers or cut-off devices for controlling the passage of the air through said ducts, either from said air receiver under natural pressure, or from said power devices, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN natu/Aan.

my signature Witnesses: f T. J. OLEARY, FRANK KEMP. 

